Two archives, queried live.
Every record below comes from The Met or Smithsonian Open Access and was filtered on that archive’s own rights field before it reached this page. 12 shown for “Luohan (Arhat)” — 40 records examined, 7 dropped by the rights gate.
Archives queried 2026-08-28 07:39 UTC · fetched live for this request
isPublicDomain field is true for this object.metadata_usage.access reads CC0 — a waiver, not an expired term.The Metropolitan Museum of Art: HTTP 403 from collectionapi.metmuseum.org. Results from the remaining archive are shown unchanged — nothing is substituted for a source that did not answer.

A luohan and a demon
Artist not stated in the record · 1368-1644

Seated Luohan
Traditionally attributed to Zhao Mengfu 趙孟頫 (1254-1322) · 16th-17th century

Seated luohan
Formerly attributed to Wu Daozi (傳)吳道子 (active ca. 710-760) · 1345?

Luohan seated under a tree
Formerly attributed to Wang Guan (active late 10th century) · 1368-1644

A group of luohan
Ding Yunpeng (1547-1628) · 1613

Luohan Meditating in a Grotto
Formerly attributed to Guanxiu (傳)貫休 (822-912) · 1345?

Panthaka, the Tenth Venerable Luohan 半託迦尊者像
Formerly attributed to Qian Yi (傳)錢易 (active early 11th century) · 1345

The great luohan, the venerable seventeenth 大阿羅漢尊者像
Formerly attributed to Guanxiu (傳)貫休 (822-912) · 1345

Luohan with a white monkey
Artist not stated in the record · 17th century

Head of a Luohan
Artist not stated in the record · ca. 700-750

Luohan and lion
Artist not stated in the record · 1368-1644

Luohan on a water buffalo skin
Artist not stated in the record · 17th century
Where these records came from.
Two archives are wired, and only two. Each one is filtered on its own rights field — never on a title match, and never on the presence of an image file.
- The Met Collection API (Open Access)Rights field:
isPublicDomain. HTTP 403 from collectionapi.metmuseum.org. No records from this archive are shown for this query.Unavailable - Smithsonian Open Access API (api.si.edu)Rights field:
content.descriptiveNonRepeating.metadata_usage.access. 46 matched · 40 examined · 7 dropped by the rights gate. Kept only where metadata_usage.access === "CC0" and an image resource was published.12 shown
These figures describe the pass run at 2026-08-28 07:39 UTC, during this request. A completed pass is kept for 24 hours and replayed for an identical search, which is what keeps repeated queries inside Smithsonian’s 30-requests-per-hour allowance. A pass in which either archive failed to answer is never kept — an outage must not be replayed as though it were a finding about the catalogue.
Wikimedia Commons and the Library of Congress are deliberately not wired. Wikimedia was confirmed, on a live query, to return CC-BY material inside the same result set as genuine public domain works, and filtering it safely has not been designed yet. loc.gov was blocked by bot detection during the source evaluation, so its rights vocabulary has never been observed — and nothing here is built on a field nobody has read.
An image file is a rights claim. It never travels without its field.